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113
The patient has an arm broken.
I have my task done.
If the action is emphasized, the perfect form is preferable:
The patient has broken an arm.
I have done my task.
Notice the difference in translation:
У больного сломана рука. Больной сломал руку.
Мое задание выполнено. Я выполнил задание.
b) to see, to hear, to feel, to find
I saw Jane addressed by a stranger.
Have you ever heard the writer’s name mentioned before?
We found the door locked.
c) to wish, to want, to like, to prefer
I want the answer sent at once.
We prefer the letter answered by the chief.
Sentences with causative verbs are usually translated into Russian by simple sentences, the causative
meaning being evident from the context or the situation. In other cases a complex sentence with an object
clause is preferable.
§ 151. The nominative absolute participial construction with participle II.
The construction consists of the nominal element (a noun in the common case or a pronoun in the
nominative case) and participle II which form a syntactical complex, the nominal element and the participle
being in subject-predicate relation. The preparation completed, we started off.
The nominative absolute participial construction with participle being has the syntactical function of a
detached adverbial modifier of attendant circumstances (a), manner (b), time (c), reason (d), condition (e).
a) The next day I observed you - myself unseen - for half an hour.
She was smoking now, her eyes narrowed thoughtfully.
b) He sat on the sofa, his legs crossed.
c) The duster refolded and restored, he threw his legs across the saddle. “Give it to Harriet, please,” was
then the direction, “and she can put it away.” This said, he turned and fixed his eyes on Mrs. Bretton.
d) We began to talk, but my attention distracted by my surroundings, I took small notice of him.
e) He was a gentleman, but he was passionate, the cup once sipped, would he consent to put it down?
§ 152. The prepositional absolute construction with participle II.
This construction differs from the discussed above in that it is introduced by the preposition with and its
nominal element is hardly ever presented by a pronoun; it is more closely related to the predicate verb and is
seldom set off by a comma.
She went on reading with her eyes fixed on the pages of the book.