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6
and irregular verbs.
The regular verbs, which go back to the Germanic weak verbs, constitute the largest group. The past
indefinite and participle II of these verbs are formed by means of the dental suffix -ed added to the stem of the
verb. This is the productive pattern according to which all new verbs form their past indefinite and participle II.
The irregular verbs form their past indefinite and participle II according tо some fixed traditional patterns
going back partly to the Germanic strong verbs, partly to the weak verbs, which underwent some changes in the
process of history.
The irregular verbs are about 250 in number. They can be arranged according to sound changes.
The list of irregular verbs arranged according to sound changes
Infinitive
Past Indefinite
Participle II
Translation
1
2
3
4
[?]
[?]
[?]
begin [b?g?n]
began [b?'g?n]
begun [b?'g?n]
начинать
drink [dn??k]
drank [dr??k]
drunk [dr??k]
пить
ring [r??]
rang [г
??]
rung [r??]
звонить
shrink [?r?nk]
shrank [sr??k]
shrunk [?r??k]
сокращать(ся)
sing [s??]
sang [s??]
sung [s??]
петь
sink [s??k]
sank [s??k]
sunk [s??k]
тонуть
spring [spr??]
sprang [spr??]
sprung [spr??]
прыгать
stink [st??k]
stank [st??k]
stunk [st??k]
вонять
swim [sw?m]
swam [sw?m]
swum [sw?m]
плавать
[?]
[?]
[?]
dig [d?g]
dug [d?g]
dug [d?g]
копать
fling [fl?n]
flung [fl??]
flung [fl??]
кидать(ся)
spin [sp?n]
spun [sp?n]
spun [sp?n]
прясть
stick [st?k]
stuck [st?k]
stuck [st?k]
втыкать
sting [st??]
stung [st??]
stung [st??]
жалить
swing [sw??]
swung [sw??]
swung [sw??]
качать(ся)