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syndetically.
Yesterday I bought a penny fiddle
And put it to my chin to play,
But I found its strings painted,
So I threw my fiddle away.
in the second case - asyndeticaily:
Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall,
Humpty Dumpty had a great fall;
All the king’s horses, and all the king’s men
Cannot put Humpty Dumpty together again.
Syndetic coordination is realized with a number of connectors - conjunctions, such as and, but, or, nor, for,
etc., or with conjunctive adverbs, such as moreover, besides, however, yet, still, otherwise, therefore, etc.
In writing coordinate clauses may be marked off by a comma, a semicolon, a colon or occasionally a dash.
Sometimes they are not separated graphically at all. In speaking they are separated by pauses.
§ 138. The main semantic feature of the compound sentence is that it follows the flow of thought; thus the
content of each successive clause is related to the previous one. Hence come two syntactical features of the
compound sentence which distinguish it from the complex sentence.
The first is as follows. The opening clause mostly plays the leading role, and each successive clause is joined
to the previous clause.
Note :
A sentence may begin with a coordinating connector, but in this case the whole sentence is joined to the
previous sentence in the text.
The first time Mrs. Moffat invited him to watch television with her, Simon declined. He would rather
read, he said. So she gave him books, she gave him classics. But the books he craved were garden books.
The second feature is that the clauses are sequentially fixed. Thus a coordinate clause cannot change place
with the previous one without changing or distorting the meaning of the whole sentence, as in:
It was pitch dark, for the fog had come down from London in the night, and all Surbiton was wrapped in
its embraces.
However the change is possible if the clauses contain description. The third feature is that coordinate
clauses, either opening or subsequent, may belong to different communicative types.
You may go, but don’t be late for dinner! (declarative and imperative clauses)
I had to leave at once, for whatever else could I have done? (declarative and interrogative clauses)
§ 139. From the point of view of the relationship between coordinate clauses, we distinguish four kinds of
coordinate connection: copulative, adversative, disjunctive and causative-consecutive. The type of connection
is expressed not only by means of coordinating connectives, but also by the general meaning of clauses
conveyed by their lexical and grammatical content. This accounts for asyndetic coordination and for various
uses of the conjunction and, when it expresses other relations - that of contrast or consequence.
§ 140. Copulative coordination implies that the information conveyed by coordinate clauses is
in some way similar.
The copulative connectors are: the conjunctions and, nor, neither... nor, not only... but (also), as well as, and