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199
to look for
to look at
to look after
to look through
- искать
- смотреть (на)
- присматривать (за)
- просматривать
Some verbs are used with or without a preposition, with but slight difference as to content. Thus no
preposition is used in the boy climbed the tree, but it is found in he climbed up the tree.
Similarly a preposition is often so closely connected with the adjective or stative it follows, that it has
practically no separate meaning, and may be said to be nothing but a formal means of connecting the word with
its complement:
She was afraid of the dog; The country is rich in minerals.
Prepositions with nouns or clauses may modify a preceding noun, as in:
men at work, method of teaching, the novel about which we've been speaking.
Positional characteristics
§ 249. Normally a preposition stands between two words to express the relation between them. However,
there are cases when one of the two words with which the preposition combines either takes the initial position
or is not used at all. In these cases the preposition is attached to the remaining word. It occurs in:
1) special questions, both direct and indirect:
What are you driving at?
Who shall I send it to?
What train shall I go by?
I asked him who the flowers were for.
However, the preposition may precede the interrogative or relative words. In this case the sentence sounds
more formal.
To whom shall I send this?
By what train shall I go?
He did not know to whom he should turn for help.
The preposition precedes the interrogative when the preposition forms a stock phrase with a noun.
In what respect was he suspicious?
To what extent is this true?
In abbreviated sentences and clauses consisting only of a preposition and an interrogative word the
preposition normally precedes it.
- But to whom?
In colloquial style the preposition is at the end.
-
Who by?
-
“Apologize?” she said. “What about?”
2) some clauses beginning with conjunctive and relative pronouns and in subordinate contact clauses:
What I am thinking of is how he got there.
The man I told you about is my relative.