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the same findings optimistically, while others _________
them pessimistically.
A TECHNOLOGY OF BEHAVIOR
by B.F. Skinner
Exercise :
1. What does Skinner mean by a «scientific analysis of behavior»?
2. Do you believe it possible to change human behavior to such a degree as to create a stable, nondestructive
society?
3. What might Skinner recommend to facilitate this change?
4. According to the author, why hasn't there been a development of a science of human behavior comparable
to that of physics and biology?
5. Note the repeated use of the words physical and non-physical in paras 10 and 11. What is the intent of
this?
6. How does the rhetorical question posed in paragraph 15 strengthen Skinner's argument?
7. Where does Skinner state his solution to the problem stated?
8. Discuss the following statement made by Skinner:
«Twenty-five hundred years ago it might have been
said that man understood himself as well as any other part of his world. Today he is the thing he understands
least».
9. Do you agree that it is not enough to «use technology with a deeper understanding of human issues»?
BOOK I
PART I. WORD POWER (VOCABULARY STUDY)
SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION TO WORD POWER (WP).............................................................................................................................
5
SECTION II. WORDS ON WORDS.......................................................................................................................................................................
5
SECTION III. EVALUATE YOUR WORD KNOWLEDGE.............................................................................................................................
8
SECTION IV. THE WORD IN THE DICTIONARY...........................................................................................................................................
9
SECTION V. CONNOTATION
............................................................................................................................................................................
12
SECTION VI. A STRUCTURAL APPROACH TO WORD STUDY
............................................................................................................
13
SECTION VII. A CONTEXTUAL APPROACH TO WORD STUDY
..........................................................................................................
15
SECTION VIII. SEMANTIC FIELDS..................................................................................................................................................................
17
UNIT A: AREAS, SCRIPTS, TOPICS, CATEGORIES
..................................................................................................................................17
UNIT B: LANGUAGE OF RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS IN SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES (“Hedging”)...........................................20
UNIT C: TERMS USED IN STUDY AND TEST SITUATIONS...................................................................................................................21
SECTION IX. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE.......................................................................................................................................................
21
SECTION X. APPNDIX..........................................................................................................................................................................................
22
UNIT 1: PREFIXES, STEMS, (ROOTS) SUFFIXES
.....................................................................................................................................22
A: PREFIXES........................................................................................................................................................................................................22
: NUMERICAL PREFIXES USED IN MEASUREMENTS
........................................................................................................................24
C: QUANTITATIVE PREFIXES........................................................................................................................................................................24
D: STEMS/ROOTS...............................................................................................................................................................................................25
E. Suffixes used to form (and sinify) the various parts of speech
................................................................................................................29
UNIT 2: REFERENCE WORDS AND ABBREVIATIONS............................................................................................................................29
UNIT 3: VERBS FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES...............................................................................................................................................32
UNIT 4: TERMS USED IN TEXT ANALYSIS
.................................................................................................................................................33
UNIT 5: THE UNIVERSITY WORD LIST
.......................................................................................................................................................34
PART II. AN APPROACH TO READING
SECTION I. INTRODUCTION TO AN APPROACH TO READING
......................................................................................................41
UNIT 1. VARIETIES OF MEANING................................................................................................................................................................41