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240
8.Explain how you understand «We are literally not watching the fiddler fiddle while Rome bums, we are
watching the entire orchestra». (13.199, 200)
8.
«More research needed(para.l7)
Which areas need further research?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Give full answers.
10. «Technical people do have credibility. They also have a responsibility» (18,268)
Summarize responsibility in Thomas Jefferson's words.
EDUCATION AND POLITICAL TOLERANCE
Exercise
1.What is the relationship between the researchers " objectives (paragraphs — and —) and their hypothesis
(paragraphs -and -)?
2.Which paragraph gives us a plan, or map, of the first part of the text (until the Data and Measures section)?
3.The writers divide all the previous researchers whose work they cite into two broad categories. What are
these categories?
a._____________of the education-tolerance hypothesis.
b.______________of the education-tolerance hypothesis.
4.In what sense are the studies cited in paragraphs 6-8 generally optimistic?
5.Why might Merelman's conclusions (para. 13) be described as highly pessimistic?
6.Jackman (in para.9) suggested that the studies supporting the education-tolerance hypothesis failed to take
account of an important factor. What factor was that?
7.How are the findings of Prothro and Grigg (in para.7) and Jackman (in paras. 10 and 11) related?
8. Sullivan, Piereson and Marcus (in para. 12) maintained that Stouffer's findings indicated something
different from what they had been thought to indicate.
a. What had they been thought to indicate?
b. What did they actually indicate?
9.In para. 15 the writers define what they mean by «cognitive sophistication.» How do they define it?
10.In what way did Sullivan's work (paras. 12 and 16) influence the work of the writers of this article?:
11.Which paragraph gives us a plan of the research procedures used by the writers of the article? (para. 19)
12.The findings of one of the two categories of previous researchers (see question 3 above) are to some
extent refuted by the findings reported in the Discussion and Conclusions section. Which category is that?
13. A. How do the writers try to account for the difference between their own findings and those whose
findings they seem to have refuted? In which paragraph is this explanation suggested? (para. 22)
. How do they suggest that their own findings are more significant than those of Sullivan and his
colleagues? (answer in para.22)
14. How do the writers manage to suggest that Jackman's findings (para. 10,11 ,and 24) were right, but
wrongly interpreted?
15. Para.25 suggests that the findings of the advocates and the critics of the education-political tolerance
theory do not contradict each other. Rather, some researchers ______